1	Water Supply
2	Water Supply and Distribution Required water supply for protection (UFC 903.2, 903.3). The water supply, distribution piping and appurtenances must be capable of supplying the required fire flow. The Chief may be guided by Appendix III-A in setting the fire flow requirements. Other available methods: Insurance Services Office (ISO) Method Iowa State University Method Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI) Method Hazard and Industry Specific Methods
3	Insurance Services Method One of the most comprehensive and widely recommended methods for estimating the fire flow requirements. It provides guidance for estimating fire flow requirements for specific structures and was designed for insurance underwriting purposes NFF = CxOx(X+P) NFF = Needed fire flow C = Construction factor O = Occupancy factor (X+P) = Extent of the exposures from / to adjacent structures
4	Iowa State University Method More theoretical and based upon the amount of water needed to deplete the oxygen in a confined area when the water turns to steam. Method is unique by only considering building volume. Required Fire Flow = Enclosed Volume / 100
5	IITRI Method Based on a survey of 134 fires in the Chicago area. The results of the survey were used with regression analysis to develop fire flow formulas based upon building area. Residential = (9x10^-5)(A²) + (50x10^-2)A Other = (-1.3x10^-5)(A²) + (42x10^-2)A A = Area in square feet
6	Hazard and Industry Specific Methods Includes methods developed by industry specific publications such as the American Petroleum Institute (API) and others.